【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforDirect-PushWaterSamplingforGeoenvironmentalInvestigations
【原文标准名称】:用于地质环境调查的直接推压水取样的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD6001-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2005
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.21
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:推;地下水;水域;水试样;土工学;调查;直接;水;取样
【英文主题词】:direct-push;watersampling;wellpoint
【摘要】:1.1Thisguidecoversareviewofmethodsforsamplinggroundwateratdiscretepointsorinincrementsbyinsertionofsamplingdevicesbystaticforceorimpactwithoutdrillingandremovalofcuttings.Bydirectlypushingthesampler,thesoilisdisplacedandhelpstoformanannularsealabovethesamplingzone.Direct-pushwatersamplingcanbeonetime,ormultiplesamplingevents.Methodsforobtainingwatersamplesforwaterqualityanalysisanddetectionofcontaminantsarepresented.1.2Direct-pushmethodsofwatersamplingareusedforground-waterqualitystudies.Waterqualitymayvaryatdifferentdepthsbelowthesurfacedependingongeohydrologicconditions.Incrementalsamplingorsamplingatdiscretedepthsisusedtodeterminethedistributionofcontaminantsandtomorecompletelycharacterizegeohydrologicenvironments.Theseinvestigationsarefrequentlyrequiredincharacterizationofhazardousandtoxicwastesites.1.3Direct-pushmethodscanprovideaccurateinformationonthedistributionofwaterqualityifprovisionsaremadetoensurethatcross-contaminationorlinkagebetweenwaterbearingstrataarenotmade.Discretepointsamplingwithasealed(protected)screensampler,combinedwithon-siteanalysisofwatersamples,canprovidethemostaccuratedepictionofwaterqualityconditionsatthetimeofsampling.Direct-pushwatersamplingwithexposed-screensamplingdevicesmaybeusefulandareconsideredasscreeningtoolsdependingonprecautionstakenduringtesting.Exposedscreensamplersmayrequiredevelopmentorpurgingdependingonsamplingandqualityassuranceplans.Resultsfromdirect-pushinvestigationscanbeusedtoguideplacementofpermanentground-watermonitoringwellsanddirectremediationefforts.Multiplesamplingeventscanbeperformedtodepictconditionsovertime.Useofdoubletubetooling,wheretheouterpushtubesealsthehole,preventsthesamplingtoolsfromcomingincontactwiththeformation,exceptatthesamplingpoint.1.4Fieldtestmethodsdescribedinthisguideincludeinstallationoftemporarywellpoints,andinsertionofwatersamplersusingavarietyofinsertionmethods.Insertionmethodsinclude:(1)soilprobingusingcombinationsofimpact,percussion,orvibratorydrivingwithorwithoutadditionsofsmoothstaticforce;(2)smoothstaticforcefromthesurfaceusinghydraulicconepenetrometer(GuideD6067)ordrillingequipment(GuideD6286),andincrementaldrillingcombinedwithdirect-pushwatersamplingevents.Undertypicalincrementaldrillingoperations,samplersareadvancedwithassistanceofdrillingequipmentbysmoothhydraulicpush,ormechanicalimpactsfromhammersorothervibratoryequipment.Direct-pushwatersamplingmaybecombinedwithothersamplingmethods(GuideD6169)indrilledholes.Methodsforboreholeabandonmentbygroutingarealsoaddressed.1.5Direct-pushwatersamplingislimitedtosoilsthatcanbepenetratedwithavailableequipment.Instrongsoilsdamagemayresultduringinsertionofthesamplerfromrodbendingorassemblybuckling.Penetrationmaybelimited,ordamagetosamplersorrodscanoccurincertaingroundconditions,someofwhicharediscussedin.Informationinthisprocedureislimitedtosamplingofsaturatedsoilsinperchedorsaturatedground-waterconditions.Somesoilformationsdonotyieldwaterinatimelyfashionfordirect-pushsampling.Inthecaseofunyieldingformationsdirect-pushsoilsamplingcanbeperformed(GuideD6282).1.6ThisguidedoesnotaddressinstallationofpermanentwatersamplingsystemssuchasthosepresentedinPracticeD5092.Direct-pushmonitoringwellsforlongtermmonitoringareaddressedinGuideD6724andPracticeD6725.1.7Direct-pushwatersamplingforgeoenvironmentalexplorationwillofteninvolvesafetyplanning,administration,anddocumentation.1.......
【中国标准分类号】:D04
【国际标准分类号】:13_060_10
【页数】:16P.;A4
【正文语种】: